{"id":4006,"date":"2025-02-06T08:55:42","date_gmt":"2025-02-06T08:55:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afric-eco.com\/?p=4006"},"modified":"2025-02-06T10:33:40","modified_gmt":"2025-02-06T10:33:40","slug":"les-rencontres-economiques-du-cameroun-2025-un-tournant-decisif-pour-la-relance-nationale-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afric-eco.com\/?p=4006","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e9minaire sur la R\u00e9glementation des Changes en Zone CEMAC : Un D\u00e9fi de Conformit\u00e9 et de Stabilit\u00e9 Financi\u00e8re"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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La capitale \u00e9conomique camerounaise Douala, a accueilli le 5 f\u00e9vrier 2025<\/a>, un s\u00e9minaire de vulgarisation sur la r\u00e9glementation des changes en zone CEMAC, un rendez-vous crucial pour les op\u00e9rateurs \u00e9conomiques, les banques et les interm\u00e9diaires financiers. Organis\u00e9 sous l’\u00e9gide du minist\u00e8re des Finances et de la Banque des \u00c9tats de l\u2019Afrique Centrale (BEAC), cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement visait \u00e0 renforcer l\u2019application stricte des r\u00e8gles mon\u00e9taires afin de garantir la stabilit\u00e9 financi\u00e8re de la sous-r\u00e9gion.

Un Rappel des Enjeux R\u00e9glementaires

Depuis la r\u00e9forme de 2018<\/a>, la r\u00e9glementation des changes en zone CEMAC s\u2019est renforc\u00e9e afin de stabiliser les r\u00e9serves de change. Selon \u00c9ric Pokem, Sous-Directeur des Changes et des Transferts \u00e0 la Direction G\u00e9n\u00e9rale du Tr\u00e9sor de la coop\u00e9ration Financi\u00e8re et Mon\u00e9taire du Minist\u00e8re des Finances, ce cadre r\u00e9glementaire est une r\u00e9ponse aux crises pass\u00e9es qui ont fragilis\u00e9 les \u00e9conomies de la sous-r\u00e9gion. Il rappelle que :
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\u00c9ric Pokem, Sous-Directeur des Changes et des Transferts \u00e0 la Direction G\u00e9n\u00e9rale du Tr\u00e9sor de la coop\u00e9ration Financi\u00e8re et Mon\u00e9taire du Minist\u00e8re des Finances<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab En 2016<\/a>, apr\u00e8s la conf\u00e9rence des chefs d\u2019\u00c9tat, nos r\u00e9serves de change \u00e9taient tomb\u00e9es \u00e0 2,3 mois d\u2019importations. Gr\u00e2ce aux nouvelles r\u00e9glementations, nous avons atteint 4,6 mois en 2023<\/a>. Cependant, en d\u00e9cembre dernier, nous avons observ\u00e9 une l\u00e9g\u00e8re baisse \u00e0 4,3 mois. L\u2019objectif reste d\u2019atteindre 5 mois d\u2019importations, ce qui impose une vigilance accrue. \u00bb

Ainsi, ce s\u00e9minaire ne se limite pas \u00e0 un simple rappel des r\u00e8gles, mais constitue aussi une incitation \u00e0 plus de conformit\u00e9 pour les acteurs \u00e9conomiques.
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Les D\u00e9faillances des Interm\u00e9diaires Financiers : Un Frein \u00e0 la R\u00e9glementation

L\u2019un des points sensibles \u00e9voqu\u00e9s lors des discussions a \u00e9t\u00e9 la fragilit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me des bureaux de change, accus\u00e9s de manquer de devises et de favoriser le march\u00e9 noir. Les contraintes d\u2019importation de devises, notamment en dollars, poussent ces \u00e9tablissements \u00e0 se tourner vers des sources alternatives comme les voyageurs, alimentant ainsi les circuits clandestins. Une situation qui complique le travail des autorit\u00e9s mon\u00e9taires et affaiblit le contr\u00f4le sur les flux financiers.
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Dans le secteur bancaire, les manquements concernent surtout le suivi des d\u00e9clarations. Des op\u00e9rations de transferts de fonds \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger ne sont pas toujours correctement d\u00e9clar\u00e9es, ce qui affecte la constitution des r\u00e9serves de change. \u00c9ric Pokem insiste sur la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 pour les banques d\u2019\u00eatre plus rigoureuses :
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\u00ab Un op\u00e9rateur \u00e9conomique qui investit en dehors de la zone CEMAC doit rapatrier ses gains. Si cela n\u2019est pas fait, nous devons \u00eatre inform\u00e9s. Or, certains flux \u00e9chappent encore \u00e0 la surveillance, ce qui impacte notre capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 constituer nos r\u00e9serves. \u00bb

Vers une Stricte Application des Normes de Change

Face \u00e0 ces d\u00e9fis, la conf\u00e9rence a insist\u00e9 sur plusieurs mesures prioritaires :

Une meilleure supervision des bureaux de change pour limiter les pratiques informelles et am\u00e9liorer l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux devises officielles.

Un renforcement des obligations d\u00e9claratives des banques, notamment sur les investissements \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger et le rapatriement des recettes d\u2019exportation.

Un contr\u00f4le accru de la COBAC (Commission Bancaire de l’Afrique Centrale) pour identifier et sanctionner les infractions des \u00e9tablissements financiers.

Un S\u00e9minaire aux Accents de Sensibilisation et d\u2019Engagement

Ce s\u00e9minaire a mis en avant la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 pour les acteurs \u00e9conomiques de s\u2019aligner aux exigences r\u00e9glementaires. Il a \u00e9galement soulign\u00e9 le r\u00f4le du Cameroun, moteur \u00e9conomique de la sous-r\u00e9gion, qui d\u00e9tient plus de 50 % des r\u00e9serves de change de la CEMAC.

L\u2019issue de ces \u00e9changes pose une question essentielle : les r\u00e9formes r\u00e9glementaires pourront-elles \u00eatre appliqu\u00e9es efficacement ? Si la volont\u00e9 politique est affich\u00e9e, la capacit\u00e9 des banques et des interm\u00e9diaires financiers \u00e0 se conformer reste un d\u00e9fi majeur.
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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019avenir de la stabilit\u00e9 financi\u00e8re en zone CEMAC d\u00e9pendra donc de la rigueur dans l\u2019application de ces r\u00e8gles et du suivi des engagements pris lors de ce s\u00e9minaire.

Afric-eco\/Etienne MONTHE<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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